How are Gothic sculptures and reliefs characterized compared to earlier styles?

Gothic sculptures and reliefs are characterized by their heightened sense of verticality, which aligns with the broader architectural trends of the Gothic period. This surge in verticality is evident in the way figures are elongated and how they often seem to rise towards the heavens, reflecting the overall aesthetic of Gothic architecture, where pointed arches and soaring ceilings dominate.

Additionally, Gothic sculptures feature a higher degree of relief compared to earlier styles, which allows them to project more prominently from their backgrounds. This use of higher relief contributes to a dynamic sense of depth and movement within the sculptures, making them more visually engaging.

The focus on vertical forms is not merely for aesthetic purposes; it also serves a symbolic function, relating to the spiritual aspirations of the time, where both architecture and art were intended to direct the viewer’s attention upwards, towards the divine. This is in contrast to previous art styles, which tended to be more horizontal and less dynamic in presentation.

In sum, the emphasis on both higher relief and verticality in Gothic sculptures represents a significant evolution in artistic practices and themes during this period, distinguishing it clearly from earlier artistic styles.