What does the term "Pieta" refer to?

The term "Pieta" specifically refers to a sculptural representation that depicts the Virgin Mary mourning over the dead body of Christ. This powerful image captures the deep sorrow of Mary as she holds her son after his crucifixion, embodying themes of grief, compassion, and maternal devotion in Christian art. The "Pieta" is often associated with Renaissance and Baroque artists, notably Michelangelo's famous interpretation housed in St. Peter's Basilica, which illustrates the concept with profound emotion and detail.

The reference of "Pieta" to architectural features, various types of paintings, or musical forms does not align with the established definition and significance of the term in art history. Thus, the understanding of "Pieta" is deeply rooted in its representation of this poignant moment within Christian iconography, making it an essential subject in the study of religious art.