What is the purpose of a transept in a church?

The purpose of a transept in a church is to cross the nave at a right angle. This architectural feature is significant in shaping the overall layout of a church, particularly in the design of a cruciform (cross-shaped) structure. The addition of the transept allows for the formation of a cross, which is symbolically important in Christian architecture. By providing this perpendicular extension, the transept creates additional space for congregational activities or can serve as areas for chapels or altars. This layout not only enhances the aesthetic and symbolic dimensions of the church but also facilitates improved flow and functionality within the worship space.

Understanding the structure of the church is key to appreciating its design and the theological meanings embedded within those designs. While other elements, such as secondary altars, choir seating, and galleries, play important roles in the overall functioning of the church, they are not the defining characteristics of the transept.